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Fieldston, Bronx

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Coordinates: 40°53′38″N 73°54′11″W / 40.894°N 73.903°W / 40.894; -73.903
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Fieldston
Neighborhood of the Bronx
Society for Ethical Culture
Society for Ethical Culture
Map
Location in New York City
Coordinates: 40°53′38″N 73°54′11″W / 40.894°N 73.903°W / 40.894; -73.903
CountryUnited States
StateNew York
CityNew York City
BoroughThe Bronx
Community DistrictBronx 8[1]
Area
[2]
 • Total0.426 sq mi (1.10 km2)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total3,292
 • Density7,700/sq mi (3,000/km2)
Economics
 • Median income$91,862
ZIP Codes
10471
Area code718, 347, 929, and 917
Websitewww.fieldston.nyc

Fieldston is a privately owned[3] affluent neighborhood in the Riverdale section of the northwestern part of the New York City borough of the Bronx. It is bounded by Manhattan College Parkway to the south, Henry Hudson Parkway to the west, 250th Street to the north, and Broadway to the east.[3] It is noted for its rural atmosphere, large houses and abundance of trees.[3] The majority of the neighborhood is included in the Fieldston Historic District, designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 2006.[4]

One of New York City’s most upscale neighborhoods, Fieldston is home to two of the three prestigious "Hill Schools", the Horace Mann School and the Ethical Culture Fieldston School; the third, Riverdale Country School, lies just outside Fieldston to the north. Manhattan University is located on Manhattan College Parkway, the neighborhood's southern boundary.

History

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The land that is now Fieldston was part of the estate of Major Joseph Delafield, who purchased 250 acres (100 ha) in 1829, and named it after his family's estate in Ireland. The Delafield family laid out lots in 1909 – the year after the New York City Subway's Broadway–Seventh Avenue line was extended to Van Cortlandt Park, intending to develop the land, which at first was called "Delafield Woods". Rather than use a grid plan, civil engineer Albert E. Wheeler, following the suggestions made by Frederick Law Olmsted and James R. Croes in 1876, designed a street plan which followed the contours of the land and preserved as much of the wooded areas as possible. The first house was begun in 1910 and finished in 1911. In 1923, after the completion of 80 houses, the Fieldston Property Owner's Association was formed.[3][4]

Buyers were provided with a list of approved architects, and historicist architectural styles – the various "revival" styles – were strongly encouraged. The Tudor revival style was popular in houses built in the 1920s; many of them were designed by local resident Dwight James Baum, who was responsible for 62 houses, while Julius Gregory is credited with forty-two.[3][4] Many of the houses in the neighborhood were featured in design and architectural magazines, and the neighborhood had a reputation for having houses of quality design.[4] In order to accommodate the project's plan to be a neighborhood of single-family dwellings, the New York City Planning Commission approved a special zoning district in 1938, which would not allow the construction of any multiple-family buildings.[4]

By the beginning of the 21st century, Fieldston was one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in New York City.[3] Fieldston is one of a few neighborhoods in New York City that is completely privately owned. The streets and common areas are owned by the Fieldston Property Owners' Association, Inc. which plows the streets, does sewer repair, cares for the trees – of which there are about 1000 – and runs a security patrol as well as other usually municipal functions, such as street repair. Annual dues are paid by the approximately 250 homeowners who make up the Association to maintain the area. Once a year, the streets are closed to non-residents to legally qualify the streets as privately owned; parking is restricted to residents and their guests.

Structures

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Historic district

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Manhattan University

On January 10, 2006,[5] the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the majority of the Fieldston neighborhood[6] as an historic district. The district contains 252 houses and related structures.[4] Some of the more noted houses, with the year of completion, the architect's name and the architectural style in parentheses:

  • 274 College Road (1926–28, Julius Gregory, Medieval Revival)[4]
    • Gregory designed 42 houses in the neighborhood
  • 4521 Delafield Road (1925, Dwight James Baum, Colonial Revival)[4]
    • received a gold medal from the Architectural League of New York as the best two-story house built between 1926 and 1930 in the U.S.
    • Baum designed 62 houses in the neighborhood
  • 4530 Fieldston Road (1928–29, Gregory, Medieval Revival[4]
  • 4599 Fieldston Road at West 246th Street (1928–29, Baum, Mediterranean Revival[4]
  • 4600 Fieldston Road at West 246th Street (1926–27, Baum, Norman Revival)[4]
  • 4730 Fieldston Road (1929–30, Gregory, Georgian Revival)[4]
  • 5001 Goodridge Avenue (1916, Baum, Colonial Revival)[4]
    • Baum's own residence
  • 5020 Goodridge Avenue (1914–15, Harrie T. Lindeberg, Tudor Revival[4]
  • 4538 Greystone Avenue (c.1924, attributed to R.C. Hunter)[4]
    • features "a turreted tower and a steeply pitched slate-covered roof with a deliberate sag", making it "one of the most charming" in the neighborhood
  • 4550 Livingston Avenue near West 246th Street (1915-1916 Dwight James Baum, Medieval Revival)[4]
  • 4600 Livingston Avenue near West 246th Street (1922–24, Clarence S. Stein, Colonial Revival)[4]
  • 351 West 245th Street (1924–25, W. Stanwood Phillips, Colonial Revival)[4]
    • Phillips designed 14 houses in the neighborhood
  • 355 West 246th Street (1911–12, Mann & MacNeille, Tudor Revival)[4]
    • one of the first houses commissioned by the Delafield estate; Mann & MacNeille designed 8 houses in Fieldston
  • 331 West 250th Street at Fieldston Road (1918–19, Baum, Dutch Colonial Revival)[4]
  • 4401–4403 Waldo Avenue (1913, C. Van Valkenberg; additions: 1919 & 1927, Baum; Tudor Revival)[4]
    • originally the office of the Delafield Estate, then of Albert E. Wheeler, the civil engineer who laid out Fieldston; now a private home
  • 4405 Waldo Avenue (1928, Baum, Medieval Revival)[4]
    • originally the residence of Albert E. Wheeler
  • C. E. Chambers House – 4670 Waldo Avenue between College Road and Livingston Avenue (c.1917, Gregory)[9]

Outside the historic district

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Fisher Hall of Horace Mann High School

See also

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References

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Notes

  1. ^ "NYC Planning | Community Profiles". communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. New York City Department of City Planning. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  2. ^ a b "Fieldston neighborhood in New York". Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Hermalyn, Gary D. "Fieldston" in Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (2010). The Encyclopedia of New York City (2nd ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 441. ISBN 978-0-300-11465-2.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 344–347. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.
  5. ^ Kirshan, Virginia et al. "Fieldston Historic District Designation Report" Archived December 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (January 10, 2006)
  6. ^ "Fieldston Historic District" (map) Archived February 5, 2009, at the Wayback Machine New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (January 10, 2006)
  7. ^ "Mayor LaGuardia's former home and its sci-fi, erotic past". September 20, 2011.
  8. ^ "StackPath".
  9. ^ a b c d e f White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 872–873. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.
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