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1630s in Canada

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Events from the 1630s in Canada.

Events

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  • 1631: Charles de la Tour builds Fort La Tour (also known as Fort Saint Marie) at the mouth of the Saint John River.[1][2]
  • 1632: British lose control of Acadia through the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, which returns Quebec to France.[3][4]
  • 1632: Isaac de Razilly sails from France with 300 people hoping to establish a permanent French settlement in Acadia.[5][6]
  • 1632: Starting this year, Dutch colonists begin to demand more farmlands.[7][8]
  • 1633–: English and French settlers enlist mainland Indians, mostly Micmac to massacre Beothuk people of Newfoundland, who are now extinct. "Red" Indian apparently derives from these people, who painted their bodies with red ochre. Shanawdithit, the last Beothuk, died in 1829. Little is known of their customs, language, religion. Beothuk was not likely their tribal self-name.[9][10][11]
  • 1633–35: New smallpox outbreaks among Indians of New England, New France, and New Netherland.[12][13][14]
  • 1633: David Kirke is knighted.[15][16]
  • 1634–40: The Huron nation is reduced by half from European diseases (smallpox epidemic, 1639).[12][13][14]
  • 1634: The trade settlement at Trois-Rivières is founded.[17][18][19]
  • c. 1635: English fishing interests secure a virtual prohibition on efforts to colonize Newfoundland.[20][21]
  • 1636–37: Pequot War in New England against the English (Niantics, Narragansetts later joined). Capt. John Mason burnt sleeping Pequot village at Mystic River, pinning the people inside the flames by gunfire, killing more than 600 people in a surprise attack. Mohawks behead fleeing Pequot leaders to prove they were not involved.[22][23][24]
  • 1636: French crown grants Gulf of Maine and Bay of Fundy to d'Aulnay; La Tour gets Nova Scotia peninsula.[25][26][27]
  • 1637: David Kirke is named first governor of Newfoundland.[28][29][30]
  • 1639: Marie de l'Incarnation founds an Ursuline convent and a school for French and Indian girls in the settlement of Quebec.[31][32][33]
  • 1639: Smallpox epidemic decimates Huron people; population reduced by 50%.[12][13][14]
  • 1639: Dutch governor-general William Kieft adopts policy of exterminating the hostile Indians and taxing the rest. Dutch soldiers aid Mohawk allies to carry out Pavonia massacre, where Dutch soldiers played kickball with the heads of the women and children refugees they had killed.[34][35][36]
  • 1639: The Jesuit mission of Sainte-Marie among the Hurons is established at Wendake.[37]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Fort La Tour Historical Marker". www.hmdb.org. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  2. ^ "Fort La Tour National Historic Site of Canada". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  3. ^ "Biography – KIRKE, SIR DAVID – Volume I (1000-1700) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography". www.biographi.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  4. ^ Archives, The National (9 September 2019). "The National Archives - Milestones to peace: The Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye". The National Archives blog. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  5. ^ "Governor Of Acadia". doucetfamily.org. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  6. ^ "History of Acadia | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  7. ^ Kinderhook, Mailing Address: Martin Van Buren NHS 1013 Old Post Road; Us, NY 12106-3605 Phone: 518 758-9689 x2040 Contact. "The Rise and Fall of New Netherland - Martin Van Buren National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 31 January 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ "New Amsterdam Colony: Capital of New Netherland Colony". study.com. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  9. ^ Joseph, Bob. "The Beothuk and how European contact led to their extinction". www.ictinc.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  10. ^ "The History of the Newfoundland Mi'kmaq". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  11. ^ "Beothuk | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  12. ^ a b c "Tribes - Native Voices". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  13. ^ a b c "Smallpox and The End of the Huron Nation". www3.sympatico.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  14. ^ a b c Warrick, Gary (2003). "European Infectious Disease and Depopulation of the Wendat-Tionontate (Huron-Petun)". World Archaeology. 35 (2): 258–275. doi:10.1080/0043824032000111416. ISSN 0043-8243. JSTOR 3560226. S2CID 161962386.
  15. ^ "Kirke, Sir David". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  16. ^ "Biography – KIRKE, SIR DAVID – Volume I (1000-1700) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography". www.biographi.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  17. ^ "A point in history..." www.apointinhistory.net. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  18. ^ "HistoricPlaces.ca - HistoricPlaces.ca". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  19. ^ "Canada - The Company of New France | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  20. ^ "The English Migratory Fishery and Trade in the 17th Century". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  21. ^ "Colonization and Settlement: 1600-1830". www2.grenfell.mun.ca. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  22. ^ "The Mashantucket (Western) Pequot Tribal Nation". www.mptn-nsn.gov. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  23. ^ Mark, Joshua J. "Mystic Massacre of 1637". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  24. ^ "May 26, 1637: Pequot Massacre". Zinn Education Project. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  25. ^ "Acadian Historical Timeline". Acadian Genealogy - Historical Acadian-Cajun Resources. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  26. ^ "THE ACADIANS OF LOUISIANA". www.acadiansingray.com. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  27. ^ "TERRIOT ACADIAN FAMILY SOCIETY: Acadian History Time-Line". www.terriau.org. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  28. ^ "Sir David Kirke and the Newfoundland Plantation". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  29. ^ "Sir David Kirke | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  30. ^ "David Kirke and the Pool Plantation - History - Colony of Avalon". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  31. ^ "Mother Marie Teaching Indian Children". www.cwjefferys.ca. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  32. ^ www.ixmedia.com. "Articles | Encyclopédie du patrimoine culturel de l'Amérique française – histoire, culture, religion, héritage". www.ameriquefrancaise.org (in French). Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  33. ^ "Marie de l'Incarnation | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  34. ^ History, J. C. "Library Guides: William Kieft (1638-1646): William Kieft (1638-1646)". njcu.libguides.com. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  35. ^ "The Twelve Men and Director Kieft's Indian War". Historical Society of the New York Courts. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  36. ^ "CANADIAN NATIVE NATIONS -- Royal Proclamation and English Treaties". www.tep-online.info. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  37. ^ "HistoricPlaces.ca - HistoricPlaces.ca". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved 27 November 2022.


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