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Arrondissements of Paris

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Arrondissements of Paris
1st arrondissement of Paris2nd arrondissement of Paris3rd arrondissement of Paris4th arrondissement of Paris5th arrondissement of Paris6th arrondissement of Paris7th arrondissement of Paris8th arrondissement of Paris9th arrondissement of Paris10th arrondissement of Paris11th arrondissement of Paris12th arrondissement of Paris13th arrondissement of Paris14th arrondissement of Paris15th arrondissement of Paris16th arrondissement of Paris17th arrondissement of Paris18th arrondissement of Paris19th arrondissement of Paris20th arrondissement of Paris
Country France
RegionÎle-de-France
DepartmentParis
Cantons20
Communes1
PrefectureParis
Area
¹
 • Total105 km2 (41 sq mi)
Population
 (2009)
 • Total2,234,105
 • Density21,000/km2 (55,000/sq mi)
¹ French Land Registry data, which exclude lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km², as well as the estuaries of rivers.

The City of Paris is divided into twenty arrondissements municipaux, administrative districts, referred to as arrondissements (pronounced [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ).[1] These are not to be confused with departmental arrondissements, which subdivide the larger French departments.

The number of the arrondissement is indicated by the last two digits in most Parisian postal codes, 75001 up to 75020. In addition to their number, each arrondissement has a name, often for a local monument. For example, the 5th arrondissement is also called "Panthéon" in reference to the eponymous building. The first four arrondissements have a shared administration, called Paris Centre.

Description

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The twenty arrondissements (French: "rounding") are arranged in the form of a clockwise spiral, often likened to a snail shell,[2] starting from the middle of the city, with the first on the Right Bank (north bank) of the Seine.

In French, notably on street signs, the number is often given in Roman numerals. For example, the Eiffel Tower belongs to the VIIe arrondissement, while Gare de l'Est is in the Xe arrondissement. In daily speech, people use the ordinal number corresponding to the arrondissement, e.g. "Elle habite dans le sixième", "She lives in the 6th (arrondissement)".[citation needed]

Due to suburbanization, the population of Paris has gradually shifted outward, with only two arrondissements still growing.

Governance

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See also: Council of Paris

Uniquely among French cities, Paris is both a municipality (commune) and a department (département). Under the PLM Law (Loi PLM) of 1982, which redefined the governance of Paris, Lyon, and Marseille, hence the PLM acronym, there are both a city council called the Council of Paris, and 20 arrondissement councils in Paris. The PLM Law set limits to the prerogatives of the mayor of Paris, who has to deal with the powers granted to the prefect of police on security issues.

The 20 arrondissement councils (conseils d'arrondissement) are similar in operation to a municipal council (conseil municipal), but with very few powers.[3] Its members are elected at municipal elections in the same way as in municipalities with more than 3,500 inhabitants. Each arrondissement council is made up of 2/3 members, elected specifically as arrondissement councillors. Council of Paris members representing the arrondissement, also sit ex officio on their local arrondissement council.[3]

For example, the council of the 19th arrondissement has 42 members. 28 are conseillers d'arrondissement who only sit on the arrondissement council. 14 are conseillers de Paris who also sit on the city council. At its first meeting after the elections, each arrondissement council elects its mayor.[3]

Each arrondissement is subdivided administratively into four quartiers. Paris thus has 80 quartiers administratifs, each containing a police station. For a table giving the names of the eighty quartiers, see Quarters of Paris.

Arrondissements

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Coat of arms Arrondissement
(R for Right Bank, L for Left Bank) 		Name Area (km2) Population
(2017 estimate) 		Density (2017)
(inhabitants per km2) 		Peak of population Mayor (2020–2026)
Coat of arms of 1st arrondissement of Paris 1st (Ier) R
Administratively part of Paris Centre		 Louvre 5.59 km2 (2.16 sq mi) 100,196 (Paris Centre) 17,924 (Paris Center) before 1861 Ariel Weil
Ariel Weil (PS)
Coat of arms of 2nd arrondissement of Paris 2nd (IIe) R
Administratively part of Paris Centre		 Bourse before 1861
Coat of arms of 3rd arrondissement of Paris 3rd (IIIe) R
Administratively part of Paris Centre		 Temple before 1861
Coat of arms of 4th arrondissement of Paris 4th (IVe) R
Administratively part of Paris Centre		 Hôtel-de-Ville before 1861
Coat of arms of 5th arrondissement of Paris 5th (Ve) L Panthéon 2.541 km2 (0.981 sq mi) 59,631 23,477 1911 Florence Berthout
Florence Berthout (DVD)
Coat of arms of 6th arrondissement of Paris 6th (VIe) L Luxembourg 2.154 km2 (0.832 sq mi) 41,976 19,524 1911 Jean-Pierre Lecoq
Jean-Pierre Lecoq (LR)
Coat of arms of 7th arrondissement of Paris 7th (VIIe) L Palais-Bourbon 4.088 km2 (1.578 sq mi) 52,193 12,761 1926 Rachida Dati
Rachida Dati (LR)
Coat of arms of 8th arrondissement of Paris 8th (VIIIe) R Élysée 3.881 km2 (1.498 sq mi) 37,368 9,631 1891
Jeanne d'Hauteserre (LR)
Coat of arms of 9th arrondissement of Paris 9th (IXe) R Opéra 2.179 km2 (0.841 sq mi) 60,071 27,556 1901 Delphine Bürkli (DVD)
Coat of arms of 10th arrondissement of Paris 10th (Xe) R Entrepôt 2.892 km2 (1.117 sq mi) 90,836 31,431 1881 Alexandra Cordebard (PS)
Coat of arms of 11th arrondissement of Paris 11th (XIe) R Popincourt 3.666 km2 (1.415 sq mi) 147,470 40,183 1911
François Vauglin (PS)
Coat of arms of 12th arrondissement of Paris 12th (XIIe) R Reuilly 16.324 km2 (6.303 sq mi)[a]
6.377 km2 (2.462 sq mi)[b]		 141,287 8,657[a]
21,729[b]		 1962 Emmanuelle Pierre-Marie (EELV)
Coat of arms of 13th arrondissement of Paris 13th (XIIIe) L Gobelins 7.146 km2 (2.759 sq mi) 183,399 25,650 2005[c] Jérôme Coumet
Jérôme Coumet (PS)
Coat of arms of 14th arrondissement of Paris 14th (XIVe) L Observatoire 5.621 km2 (2.170 sq mi) 136,941 24,280 1954
Carine Petit (Gt.s)
Coat of arms of 15th arrondissement of Paris 15th (XVe) L Vaugirard 8.502 km2 (3.283 sq mi) 235,178 27,733 1962 Philippe Goujon
Philippe Goujon (LR)
Coat of arms of 16th arrondissement of Paris 16th (XVIe) R Passy 16.305 km2 (6.295 sq mi)[d]
7.846 km2 (3.029 sq mi)[e]		 149,500 9,169[d]
19,054[e]		 1962 Francis Szpiner
Francis Szpiner (LR)
Coat of arms of 17th arrondissement of Paris 17th (XVIIe) R Batignolles-Monceau 5.669 km2 (2.189 sq mi) 168,737 29,760 1954
Geoffroy Boulard (LR)
Coat of arms of 18th arrondissement of Paris 18th (XVIIIe) R Butte-Montmartre 6.005 km2 (2.319 sq mi) 196,131 32,634 1931
Éric Lejoindre (PS)
Coat of arms of 19th arrondissement of Paris 19th (XIXe) R Buttes-Chaumont 6.786 km2 (2.620 sq mi) 188,066 27,697 2005[c]
François Dagnaud (PS)
Coat of arms of 20th arrondissement of Paris 20th (XXe) R Ménilmontant 5.984 km2 (2.310 sq mi) 191,800 32,052 1936 Éric Pliez (DVG)

History

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A map showing the twelve original arrondissements in 1795. The surrounding grey area shows the size of Paris after the expansion in 1860.

On 11 October 1795, Paris was divided into twelve arrondissements. They were numbered from west to east. The numbers 1–9 were on the Right Bank of the Seine. The numbers were 10–12 on the Left Bank. Each arrondissement was subdivided into four quartiers, which corresponded to the 48 original districts created in 1790.

In the late 1850s, Emperor Napoleon III and the Prefect of the Seine Baron Haussmann developed a plan to incorporate several of the surrounding communes into the Paris jurisdiction. In 1859, Parliament passed the necessary legislation, and the expansion took effect when the law was promulgated on 3 November 1859. City taxes were extended to the new neighborhoods in July 1860.[4]

The previous twelve arrondissements were done away with, and twenty new arrondissements were created. In historical records, when it is necessary to distinguish between the two systems, the original arrondissements are indicated by adding the term ancienne ("former" or "old"), for example, 2ème ancienne or 7ème anc.

Before the reorganization, non-married couples who lived together were said to have "married at the town hall of the 13th arrondissement" ("se marier à la mairie du 13e arrondissement"), as a jocular reference to there being no 13th. When Haussmann released his plan for the new boundaries and numbering system, residents of Passy objected because it placed them in the new 13th arrondissement. The mayor of Passy, Jean-Frédéric Possoz, devised the numbering of the arrondissements in a spiral pattern, beginning on the Right Bank, which put Passy in the 16th. This system turned the Louvre area, which contained the Tuileries Palace and other imperial palaces, into the 1st. The Gobelins area became the 13th instead.[5]

In early 2016, mayor Anne Hidalgo proposed that the first four arrondissements should have their administrations merged. The Council of Paris approved this in February 2016. The four have a combined population of about 100,000, with the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 3rd arrondissements in that order being the four smallest in Paris. In August 2016, the matter was taken up in the National Assembly, and approved in February 2017.[6][7]

In October 2018, in a postal referendum, the town hall of the 3rd arrondissement was chosen to house the new shared administration. The name "Paris Centre" was chosen for the sector. In June 2020, the reform was implemented, the day after the second round of the 2020 Paris municipal election. The four arrondissements now share a mayor and a district council. The four arrondissements continue to exist, but are no longer used as administrative and electoral sectors.[8][9]

Logos of the town halls

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  • Logos of the Paris town halls
  • Paris Centre, ar­ron­dis­se­ments 1, 2, 3, 4
    Paris Centre, ar­ron­dis­se­ments 1, 2, 3, 4
  • 5th arrondissement
    5th arrondissement
  • 6th arrondissement
    6th arrondissement
  • 7th arrondissement
    7th arrondissement
  • 8th arrondissement
    8th arrondissement
  • 9th arrondissement
    9th arrondissement
  • 10th arrondissement
    10th arrondissement
  • 11th arrondissement
    11th arrondissement
  • 12th arrondissement
    12th arrondissement
  • 13th arrondissement
    13th arrondissement
  • 14th arrondissement
    14th arrondissement
  • 15th arrondissement
    15th arrondissement
  • 16th arrondissement
    16th arrondissement
  • 17th arrondissement
    17th arrondissement
  • 18th arrondissement
    18th arrondissement
  • 19th arrondissement
    19th arrondissement
  • 20th arrondissement
    20th arrondissement

Works

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  • Paris, je t'aime, a 2006 film composed of five-minute sequences on each arrondissement

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b With the Bois de Vincennes
  2. ^ a b Without the Bois de Vincennes
  3. ^ a b 2005 is the year of the most recent official estimate; population of these arrondissements may still be growing.
  4. ^ a b With the Bois de Boulogne
  5. ^ a b Without the Bois de Boulogne

References

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  1. ^ "Diagrams of each arrondissement showing its quartiers administratifs". Paris.fr (in French). 11 April 2005. Archived from the original on 7 December 2008. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  2. ^ Pientka, Cheryl A.; Alexiou, Joseph (26 March 2007). Paris For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470085844.
  3. ^ a b c "Map of Paris arrondissements". Paris Digest. 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
  4. ^ Carmona 2002, p. 313–5.
  5. ^ Carmona 2002, p. 321–2.
  6. ^ Paris Council Plans to Combine Arrondissements from frenchly.us
  7. ^ Paris redraws map as four arrondissements unite under new name from The Local France
  8. ^ Paris Council Plans to Combine Arrondissements from frenchly.us
  9. ^ Paris redraws map as four arrondissements unite under new name from The Local France

Bibliography

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